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MEDIA BILL Draft 9 as at 14.03.05

ANALYSIS
1. Short Title and commencement
2. Interpretation
PART 1
MEDIA COMMISSION
3. Media Commission
4. Board of the Commission
5. Term of office of board members
6. Disclosure of conflict of interest
7. Conflicts of interest
8. Proceedings of Commission
PART 2
FUNCTIONS AND POWERS
9. Functions of Commission
10. Freedom of speech and expression
11. Powers of the Commission
12. Government policy
PART 3
LICENSING OF BROADCASTERS
13. Prohibition on broadcasting without a licence
14. Application for licence
15. Criteria for the issue of licence
16. Commission to issue or refuse licence within 2 months
17. Conditions of a licence including annual fees
18. Revocation or suspension of licence
PART 4
MEDIA STANDARDS
19. Responsibility to maintain standards
20. Codes of media practice
PART 5
COMPLAINTS
21. Retention of programmes
22. Procedures for hearing and determining complaints
23. Complaints to broadcasters and publishers
24. Complaints about advertisements and internet content
25. Decisions by broadcasters and publishers
26. Appeal to Commission
27. Determination of complaints
28. Decisions by Commission
29. Offences
PART 6
ACCOUNTABILITY
30. Funds of the Commission
31. Bank accounts
32. Financial reporting and fiscal updates
33. Commission's goals
34. Annual report
35. Application of Ministry of Finance and Economic Management Act
36. Office of the Public Expenditure Review Committee and Audit to be auditor
37. Disclosure of sensitive information
PART 7
JUDICIAL REVIEW
38. Judicial review of decisions by the Commission
PART 8
MISCELLANEOUS
39. Power to require transmission
40. Liability of directors and officers of body corporate
41. Regulations
42. Savings
43. Act to bind the Crown
44. Repeal
Schedules
A BILL INTITULED

An Act to establish the Media Commission and to set out its functions and powers

BE IT ENACTED by the Parliament of the Cook Islands in Session assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. Short Title and commencement - (1) This Act may be cited as the Media Act 2005.
(2) This Act shall come into force on the 1st July 2005.
(3) Notwithstanding subsection (2), and without limiting the application of section 12 of the Acts Interpretation Act 1924, upon the passing of this Act, the powers to appoint members of the Media Commission may be exercised prior to the date of this Act coming into force for the purpose of bringing this Act into operation on the date of its coming into force.

2. Interpretation - (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires -
"advertisement" means any programme or article, or part of a programme or article, which promotes to the public or a segment thereof, a product or service for the commercial advantage of any person, or which promotes a behaviour or line of conduct for the benefit of any person, or which advocates an idea, belief, or political opportunity, and for which in each case payment is made whether in money or otherwise;
"board" means the board of the Commission appointed pursuant to section 4;
"board member" and "member" mean a member of the board;
"broadcaster" means a person who broadcasts programmes;
"broadcast" means to transmit sound or visual images, whether or not encrypted, intended for direct reception by the public;
"broadcasting licence" means a licence issued under Part 3;
"code of media practice" means a code of media practice prescribed by regulations made under this Act;
"Commission" means the Media Commission established by section 3;
"company" means a company incorporated pursuant to the Companies Act 1970-71;
"Cook Islander" means a person who is a member of the Polynesian race indigenous to the Cook Islands and includes the descendant of such a person and, for the purposes of this Act, a person who has been granted the status of -
(a) a permanent resident pursuant to section 5 of the Entry Residence and Departure Act 1971-72, and
(b) an honorary resident under section 5A of that Act;
"Court" means the High Court of the Cook Islands;
"financial year" means a year ending on the 30th June;
"internet content" means stored information which is accessed over an Internet carriage service, including material on the world wide web, postings on news groups and bulletin boards, and other files that can be downloaded from an archive or a library that is -
(a) originating from or hosted within the Cook Islands; or
(b) established overseas by, or hosted overseas on behalf of, a person ordinarily resident in the Cook Islands,
but does not include e-mail or information that is accessed in real time without being stored, such as chat services and voice over the internet;
"licensee" means the holder of a broadcasting licence;
"Minister" means the Minister of the Crown responsible for Broadcasting;
"person" includes a body corporate and also a body of persons, whether incorporated or unincorporated;
"programme" means sounds or visual images, or a combination of sounds and visual images;
"publisher" means any person who publishes in the Cook Islands a newspaper, newsletter or similar publication during most of the year and the publication is -
(a) distributed to subscribers or other named recipients on payment by money or otherwise, or without payment; or
(b) distributed by other means whereby residents of the Cook Islands generally, or specific groups of residents, may acquire the publication on payment by money or otherwise, or without payment;
"publication" means a newspaper, newsletter, or similar publication published by a publisher.

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PART 1
MEDIA COMMISSION

3. Media Commission- (1) There is established a statutory body, to be called the Media Commission.
(2) The Commission shall be a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal and shall be capable of acquiring holding and disposing of real and personal property, of suing and being sued, and of doing and suffering all such acts and things as bodies corporate may lawfully do and suffer.
(3) The Commission shall have a seal which shall be kept in the custody of the chairperson and shall be used only pursuant to a resolution of the board.

4. Board of the Commission - (1) There shall be appointed by the Minister, a board of the Commission, which shall be responsible for the administration of this Act.
(2) No person who is -
(a) a member of Parliament; or
(b) employed in the service of the Crown or any agency of the Crown; or
(c) a director, legal or beneficial shareholder or employee of a publisher or broadcaster, or who is the spouse, de-facto partner or immediate family of any such person,
shall be eligible for appointment as a member of the board.
(3) The board shall comprise 5 members -
(a) one of whom shall be appointed by the Minister from amongst candidates nominated by persons carrying on the business of broadcasting in the Cook Islands ;
(b) one of whom shall be appointed by the Minister from amongst candidates nominated by persons carrying on the business of publishing in the Cook Islands;
(c) one of whom shall be appointed by the Minister from amongst candidates nominated by members of the Cook Islands Chamber of Commerce;
(d) two of whom shall be appointed by the Minister acting in his discretion, one of whom shall be a barrister or solicitor of not less than 5 years experience and who shall be appointed by the Minister as chairperson of the board.
(4) For the purpose of receiving nominations of members to be appointed pursuant to subsection (3), the Minister shall by public notice call for nominations from broadcasters, publishers and members of the Chamber of Commerce, to be submitted to him within 14 days of the date of the notice, of not less than 3 nor more than 5 candidates from each of those categories. A nomination must be in writing and accepted by the nominee in writing.
(5) Every nomination received and accepted pursuant to subsection (4) shall be forwarded by the person nominating to the Minister, who shall appoint from amongst each category of nominee, the person who in his opinion is best able to -
(a) contribute relevant skills and experience to the board; and
(b) provide balanced input without personal bias of any kind.
(6) The Minister may decline to appoint a nominee nominated pursuant to this section if in the opinion of the Minister -
(a) the appointment is likely to result in that nominee having a conflict of interest;
(b) the appointment is likely to result in the disproportionate over-representation on the board by a particular sector of publishers or broadcasters or by a particular ownership interest;
(c) the nominee has been convicted during the previous 10 years of an offence carrying a maximum sentence of more than 12 months imprisonment;
(d) the nominee lacks the qualities referred in subsection (5)(a) or (b).
(7) If no nominations are received by the Minister from any category of persons referred to in subsection (4) within 14 days of the date of the notice given under that subsection, the Minister may appoint a person as board member who, in his discretion, the Minister believes will be able to represent that category.

5. Term of office of board members - (1) Except as provided in subsection (2), every board member shall hold office for a term of three years but may from time to time be re-appointed.
(2) The first board members appointed pursuant to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of section 4(2) shall be appointed for their first term only, for 2 years.
(3) Notwithstanding subsections (1) and (2), every board member whose office is terminated by effluxion of time shall continue to hold office until that member's successor comes into office.

6. Disclosure of conflicting interest - (1) If a board member has any pecuniary interest, direct or indirect, in any application, contract, proposed contract, licence, complaint or other matter before the board and is present at a meeting of the board at which the application, contract, proposed contract, licence, complaint or other matter is the subject of consideration, that board member shall at the meeting and as soon as practicable after its commencement disclose the fact and shall not take part in the consideration or discussion of the application, contract, proposed contract, licence, complaint or other matter, or vote on any question with respect to it, and shall be excluded from the meeting for the duration of the consideration, discussion and voting.
(2) A board member who fails to comply with subsection (1) is guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 unless the board member proves (the onus of proof being on the board member) that he or she did not know that the contract, proposed contract, licence or other matter in which he or she had a pecuniary interest was the subject of consideration at that meeting.
(3) Every disclosure under subsection (1) shall be recorded in the minutes of the board.
(4) No act or proceeding of the board shall be questioned on the ground that a board member has contravened this section.

7. Conflicts of interest - (1) For the purposes of section 6, a board member shall, subject to subsections (2) and (3) and without limiting the extent of section 6, be deemed to have a pecuniary interest, direct or indirect, in a contract, proposed contract, licence or other matter if that board member or any nominee, trustee or agent of that board member -
(a) is a member of a company or other body with which the contract was made or is proposed to be made or which has a direct pecuniary interest in the application, licence or other matter under consideration;
(b) is in the employment of or is a director or officer of a person with whom the contract was made or is proposed to be made, or who has a direct pecuniary interest in the application, licence or other matter under consideration; or
(c) is a professional adviser to a person who has a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in a application, contract, proposed contract, licence or other matter under consideration.
(2) Subsection (1) shall not apply to membership of or employment under any public body.
(3) In the case of married persons or persons in a de-facto relationship, the pecuniary interest of one spouse or de-facto partner shall be deemed for the purposes of section 6 to be also the interest of the other.

8. Proceedings of Commission - The provisions of the First Schedule shall have effect in relation to the Commission and its proceedings.

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PART 2
FUNCTIONS AND POWERS

9. Functions of Commission - The functions of the Commission shall be to administer this Act and any regulations made hereunder in a fair and impartial manner and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to -
(a) encourage media in the Cook Islands to reflect and develop Cook Islands identity and indigenous culture;
(b) encourage the coverage of television and radio broadcasting, and print media to parts of the Cook Islands that would otherwise not receive a commercially viable signal or newspaper;
(c) encourage the establishment by broadcasters and publishers of archives of programmes and publications that are likely to be of historical interest in the Cook Islands;
(d) advise the Minister on codes of publishing and broadcasting practice;
(e) advise the Minister on advertising and internet codes of practice; and
(f) hear and determine licensing applications under Part 3;
(g) hear and determine complaints under Part 4;
(h) monitor the extent to which broadcasters, publishers, advertisers and internet content providers comply with community standards and expectations;

10. Freedom of speech and expression - The Commission, broadcasters and publishers shall recognise the fundamental right of freedom of speech and expression but must recognise also, that every person has duties to others and accordingly is subject in the exercise of the right of freedom of speech and expression, to such limitations as are imposed by any enactment (including this Act) or rule of law for the time being in force, for protecting the rights and freedoms of others, or in the interests of public safety, order, or morals, the general welfare, or the security of the Cook Islands.

11. Powers of the Commission - (1) The Commission shall have all the powers reasonably necessary or expedient to enable it to effectively carry out its functions.
(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the Commission or any person authorised by the Commission who produces written evidence of such authority may for the purpose of ensuring compliance with this Act or any regulations made thereunder -
(a) require a broadcaster, advertiser or internet content provider, publisher, or any officer, employee or agent of such a person to supply such information or explanation as the Commission believes that it requires for the purpose of enabling the Commission to properly consider any complain or appeal made under this Act and generally to perform its functions under this Act;
(b) direct a licensee that has without reasonable excuse failed to comply in whole or in part with any obligations under this Act or any licence issued under this Act to so comply within such time as the Commission may reasonably require.
(3) Any person who wilfully obstructs or hinders or fails to co-operate with the Commission or any person authorised by the Commission in the lawful exercise of its powers under subsection (2) commits an offence punishable by -
(a) in the case of an individual, to a fine of up to $2,000;
(b) in the case of a body corporate, to a fine of up to $5,000.

12. Government policy - (1) In the exercise of its duties, functions and powers and in the preparation of its statement of its goals under section 33, the Commission shall have regard to any policy directions conveyed to it by the Minister in writing and which are not inconsistent with the functions or powers of the Commission as prescribed by this Act.
(2) A copy of every written policy direction given by the Minister pursuant to subsection (1) shall be included in the next ensuing annual report of the Commission.

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PART 3
LICENSING OF BROADCASTERS

13. Prohibition on broadcasting without a licence - (1) No person shall operate a transmission installation for the purpose of providing -
(a) television broadcasting; or
(b) radio broadcasting; or
(c) retransmitting television signals transmitted by a satellite or otherwise,
except as authorised by and in accordance with the terms and conditions of, a licence issued pursuant to this Part.
(2) Every person who owns or operates a transmission installation and who broadcasts television, radio or re-transmits in contravention of subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 plus a further $100 for every day during which such service continues to contravene that subsection.

14. Application for licence - (1) Every person proposing to carry on broadcasting or to retransmit television signals in or from the Cook Islands must apply in writing to the Commission for a broadcasting licence to carry on that activity.
(2) No person other than a company -
(a) in which not less than two-thirds of the shares are legally and beneficially owned by Cook Islanders ordinarily resident in the Cook Islands; and
(b) which is in fact controlled by any means whatsoever (whether directly or indirectly) by persons not less than two-thirds of whom are Cook Islanders ordinarily resident in the Cook Islands,
may be granted a broadcasting licence.
(3) An application under subsection (1) must be in such form as may be specified by the Commission and shall be accompanied by -
(a) a statement disclosing the ultimate and intermediate, if any, beneficial ownership of the applicant and its directors and manager;
(b) the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the applicant;
(c) any agreement actual or intended between shareholders which affects, -
(i) the voting rights of any shareholder; or
(ii) the rights of any shareholder to participate in dividends or, upon a winding up, in the capital of the applicant;
(d) particulars of -
(i) the type of service proposed;
(ii) the geographical range of the proposed service;
(iii) the source and nature of proposed programme material;
(e) the prescribed application fee and the prescribed first year's annual licence fee.
(4) The Commission may in writing request that an applicant provide such additional information and documents as the Commission considers necessary to determine the application.
(5) If a request has been made under subsection (4), the applicant must provide such additional information and documents to the Commission within the time specified by the Commission.
(6) If an application is refused, the Commission shall refund the annual licence fee to the applicant.
(7) An applicant must not furnish any information or document that is false or misleading in any material particular in connection with an application.
(8) If an applicant contravenes subsection (7), the applicant is guilty of an offence punishable on conviction by a fine not exceeding $5,000.

15. Criteria for the issue of licence - The Commission shall not issue a licence unless it is satisfied that -
(a) the ownership is in compliance with section 14 (2) and that the reputation, financial capacity and financial history (if any) of the applicant are satisfactory;
(b) each director and manager of the applicant is a fit and proper person and has the ability to operate or manage the licensee;
(c) each shareholder of the applicant is a fit and proper person to have an interest in a licensee;
(d) the applicant upon the issue of the licence will comply with this Act; and
(e) issuing the licence is not against the public interest; and
(f) issuing the licence would not be detrimental to the reputation of the Cook Islands.

16. Commission to issue or refuse licence within 2 months - (1) The Commission shall within 2 months after receiving an application for a licence and all other information and documents requested by the Commission under section 14(4) -
(a) issue a licence to the applicant subject to such terms and conditions as the Commission considers fit; or
(b) refuse the application and inform the applicant of the refusal.
(2) The Commission must advise an applicant in writing of the reasons for its refusal to issue a licence under this section.

17. Conditions of a licence including annual fees - (1) A licence issued under this Act must not be assigned or transferred and any purported assignment or transfer is null and void.
(2) A licence shall be subject to such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Commission.
(3) Without limiting subsection (2), every licence shall specify the technical specifications of all transmission and reception installations authorised to be used for the purposes of the licence including specifications relating to -
(a) the design, site, installation, maintenance or operation (including orating power, constancy and frequency) of transmission and reception installations; and
(b) such other matters of a technical nature as the Commission considers relevant.
(4) The Commission may -
(a) vary or remove a condition of a licence; or
(b) impose further conditions on a licence.
(5) Before taking action under subsection (4), the Commission must, by not less than 21 days notice in writing to the licensee concerned, inform it of the changes proposed and afford it an opportunity to make submissions in writing to the Commission about the proposed changes.
(6) The licensee must make its submissions to the Commission within 14 days after the date of receipt of the notice.
(7) The Commission must take into account any submissions received when deciding whether or not to proceed with the proposed changes.
(8) A licence issued under this Act shall remain in force for such term, not exceeding 5 years as may be determined on the issue of the licence by the Commission, or until it is sooner revoked by the Commission under section 18.
(9) A licensee must pay to the Commission the prescribed annual licence fee on each anniversary of the licence being issued.
(10) A licensee that fails to pay the fee by the due date is liable to a penalty payable to the Commission as may be prescribed by regulations.
(11) An annual licence fee and any surcharge are debts due to the Commission and are recoverable in a court of competent jurisdiction.
(12) If a licensee fails to pay -
(a) an annual licence fee by the due date; or
(b) a penalty referred to in subsection (10) by the due date,
and continues to broadcast, the licensee is guilty of an offence punishable on conviction by a fine not exceeding $10,000 plus $100 for every day or part of a day during which the offence continues.

18. Revocation or suspension of licence - (1) The Commission may revoke or suspend a licence if the licensee -
(a) has breached any provision of this Act or regulations made hereunder;
(b) has breached a condition of its licence;
(c) has failed within 3 months of the date on which it is due, to pay the licensee's annual licence fee or any penalty thereon;
(d) has failed to commence carrying on broadcasting of the type specified in its licence within 3 months after the issue of its licence; or
(e) has ceased to carry on carrying on broadcasting of the type specified in its licence for a period exceeding 3 months; or
(f) has made a written request to the Commission for its licence to be revoked.
(2) If the Commission intends to revoke or suspend a licence, under paragraph subsection (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of subsection (1), the Commission must give 14 days notice in writing to the licensee of its intention, and the grounds upon which it intends to revoke or suspend the licence.
(3) The licensee may within 14 days after receiving the notice under subsection (2) submit in writing reasons why its licence should not be revoked or suspended.
(4) The Commission may revoke or suspend a licence -
(a) if the licensee does not make submissions under subsection (3); or
(b) having taken into account submissions made by the licensee, the Commission is of the opinion that the licensee has failed to show good reason why its licence should not be revoked or suspended.
(5) The Commission must give a licensee written notice of a revocation or suspension.
(6) A revocation or suspension takes effect -
(a) on the date the notice referred to in subsection (5) is given to the licensee; or
(b) such later date as is specified by the Commission in the notice.
(7) If a licence is revoked or suspended under this section, the licensee must cease to carry on broadcasting on and from the date the revocation or suspension takes effect.
(8) Subject to subsection (9), the period of suspension of a licence under subsection (1) shall not exceed one month.
(9) If it is satisfied that is in the public interest to do so, the Commission may extend the period of suspension of a licence under this section for two further periods, each not exceeding one month.

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PART 4
MEDIA STANDARDS

19. Responsibility to maintain standards - (1) Every publisher, broadcaster, advertiser and internet content provider is responsible for maintaining in its publications, programmes, advertisements, and internet content as the case may be and in their presentation, standards that are consistent with the criteria contained in subsection (2) and with such other standards as may be prescribed.
(2) Every publisher, broadcaster, advertiser and internet content provider is responsible for maintaining standards that are consistent with -
(a) the observance of good taste and decency, taking into account community standards and the timing and context of the programme, article, advertisement or internet content;
(b) the maintenance of law and order;
(c) respect for the privacy of the individual;
(d) the principle of balance that when controversial issues of public importance are addressed in news and current affairs, reasonable efforts are made, or reasonable opportunities are given, to present significant points of view either in the same programme or publication, or in other programmes or publications within the period of current interest, subject to the right of all media to put forward editorial opinion provided the editorial nature of the comment is clearly apparent to the reader, listener, or viewer as the case may be; and
(e) news and current affairs being truthful and accurate on points of fact; and
(f) the requirement to deal justly and fairly with any person referred to in an article or programme, or who is taking part in a programme; and
(g) the need for broadcasters to take into account at certain times of the day, the young age of potential listeners and viewers.

20. Codes of media practice - (1) After consultation with publishers, broadcasters, advertisers and internet content providers, the Commission may recommend to the Minister, codes of media practice.
(2) A code of media practice shall set out media standards not inconsistent with Article 64 of the Constitution and this Act and may include guidelines which are to be considered in the interpretation of the standards set out in section 19(2) in their application to publishers and broadcasters, advertisers and internet content providers.
(3) A code of media practice shall be brought into effect by the Queen's Representative by Order in Executive Council acting on the advice of the Minister.
(4) Every person must comply with a code of media practice that is prescribed under this Act and which applies to that person.

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PART 5
COMPLAINTS

21. Retention of programmes - (1) Every licensee shall retain a video tape, CD-Rom, electronic record or audio tape as the case may require, for one calendar month of all programmes and advertisements transmitted by the licensee during the preceding month.
(2) In the event that a licensee receives a complaint about a programme, or is advised that the Commission has received a complaint about an advertisement, the video tape, CD-Rom, electronic record or audio tape as the case may be, shall without a request for same having to be made by the Commission, be given by the licensee complained against to the Commission, to enable the Commission to view or hear the programme or advertisement complained about and to retain until after the complaint in question has been finally determined pursuant to the processes contained in this Act.

22. Procedures for hearing and determining complaints - Every publisher and broadcaster shall -
(a) establish and record in written form, procedures for hearing and determining complaints regarding programmes broadcast or publications published by it;
(b) make available to the Commission and to any member of the public on the request, a copy of its written procedures established pursuant to paragraph (a);
(c) receive, consider and determine every complaint about any programme broadcast or publication published by it.

23. Complaints to broadcasters and publishers - (1) Every person who alleges that a broadcaster or publisher has broadcast a programme or published a publication that or part of which is in breach of this Act or in breach of a code of media practice, may complain to the broadcaster or publisher who broadcast or published the item complaint of.
(2) Every complaint must -
(a) be in writing;
(b) be received by the broadcaster or publisher within 7 days of the item complaint of, being broadcast or published;
(c) contain sufficient particulars to enable the broadcaster or publisher to identify the item complained of including particulars where applicable of date, time, name of the article or item and, where applicable, the specific words or other matter complained against;
(d) contain reference to the particular code of media practice which it is alleged by the complainant has been breached.

24. Complaints about advertisements and internet content - (1) Complaints about advertisements and internet content may be made directly to the Commission.
(2) The complainant shall refer to the code of media practice which the complainant alleges that the advertisement or internet content has breached.

25. Decisions by broadcasters and publishers - (1) A broadcaster or publisher shall consider and determine every complaint made to it within 7 days of receiving the complaint and shall within 24 hours after making the decision notify the complainant in writing of its decision.
(2) If the complaint is upheld, the broadcaster or publisher shall notify the complainant in writing of the action it proposes taking or has taken to rectify the matter complained against.
(3) The action to be taken by a broadcaster or publisher shall include one or all of -
(a) a public apology to the complainant where the item complained about was in respect of the complainant or a member of the complainant's immediate family;
(b) re-imbursements of the complainant's expenses actually and reasonably incurred in making the complaint, not exceeding $250;
(c) a correction where the item complaint of was factually incorrect;
(d) such other action as may be agreed between the complainant and the broadcaster or publisher.
(4) In notifying the complainant of its decision under subsection (1), the broadcaster or publisher shall in every case advise the complainant that the complainant may within 7 days of receiving notice of the decision, appeal to the Commission under section 26.
(5) The complainant shall also be notified that a referral to the Commission must be made within 7 days of receiving the broadcaster's or publisher's decision.

26. Appeal to Commission - (1) Where a complainant is dissatisfied with the decision or with the action taken or proposed to be taken by a broadcaster or publisher under section 25, the complainant may within 7 days of receiving notice of the decision or of the proposed action, appeal to the Commission.
(2) Where the complainant has not received from the broadcaster or publisher a written decision on a complaint within 7 days of having made the complaint, the complainant may within 14 days of the date of the broadcast or publication complained about, refer the complaint to the Commission.

27. Determination of complaints - (1) Subject to subsection (2) the Commission shall, within 14 days of receiving notice of an appeal under section 26(1) or after a complaint is referred to it under section 26(2), consider and determine every appeal or complaint with or without a formal hearing as the Commission may determine, but the Commission shall in every case -
(a) give the complainant and to the broadcaster, publisher, advertiser or internet content provider complained or appealed against as the case may be, not less than 7 days to make submissions to it in writing in relation to the appeal or complaint; and
(b) have regard to all relevant submissions made to it in relation to the complaint.
(2) In considering every appeal or complaint made under this Part, the Commission shall provide for as little formality and technicality as is permitted by-
(a) the requirements of this Act; and
(b) a proper consideration of the appeal or complaint; and
(c) the principles of natural justice.
(3) The Commission may decline to hear or determine any appeal or complaint if it is of the opinion that the complaint is frivolous, vexatious or trivial.

28. Decisions by Commission - (1) If the Commission decides that an appeal or complaint is justified in whole or in part, it shall allow the appeal or uphold the complaint to the extent that it is justified, and, having taken into account the seriousness of the breach, may make an order directing the broadcaster, publisher, advertiser or internet content provider to publish, broadcast or both, in such manner and within such period as shall be specified by the Commission, a statement that relates to the appeal or complaint and which includes a correction or an apology or both, and which is approved by the Commission for that purpose.
(2) In addition to any order made pursuant to subsection (1), the Commission may order the person complained against to pay to the complainant compensation not exceeding $1,000 plus the complainant's actual and reasonable costs not exceeding $500 in relation to the appeal or the complaint.
(3) The Commission shall, unless after consultation with the appellant or complainant as the case may be the Commission decides that the interests of the privacy of the appellant or the complainant warrant otherwise, make public every decision made under this section including its reasons for its decision.
(4) For the purpose of enforcing any order of the Commission for the payment of compensation or costs, a duplicate of the order may be filed in the Court by the person to whom the compensation or costs are payable and shall thereupon be enforceable in all respects as a judgment of the Court in its civil jurisdiction.

29. Offences - Every broadcaster and publisher commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 who fails to comply with an order made in respect of an appeal or complaint upheld under section 28.

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PART 6
ACCOUNTABILITY

30. Funds of the Commission - The funds of the Commission shall comprise -
(a) all license fees and registration fees payable under this Act which, without further authority than this section, shall be and are appropriated to the Commission for the lawful carrying out of its functions and powers under this Act;
(b) monies donated to the Commission or to the Government of the Cook Islands for the purposes of the Commission, by any regional or international agency or by any foreign Government;
(c) money appropriated by Parliament for the purposes of the Commission;
(d) all other money lawfully received by the Commission for the purposes of the Commission;
(e) accumulations of income derived from any such money.

31. Bank accounts - (1) The Commission may with the approval of the Minister and of the Financial Secretary keep such bank account or accounts as may from time to time be approved by the Board.
(2) No money shall be withdrawn from any bank account except by cheque or other instrument signed by not less that two persons, being either two board members or one board member and an employee of the Commission as the Board may from time to time determine.

32. Financial reporting and fiscal updates - The Commission shall deliver to the Ministry of Finance and Economic Management, financial reports and fiscal updates in accordance with Parts II and V of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Management Act 1995-96, as if the Commission was a government department as defined in that Act.

33. Commission's goals - The Board shall in each year include in its annual report for that year -
(a) a statement of its goals for the next two years and the steps that it proposes to take to achieve those goals; and
(b) a statement of the extent to which it met its goals in the year to which the annual report relates.

34. Annual report - (1) Within 3 months after the end of every financial year the Commission shall deliver to the Minister a report of the operations of the Commission during that financial year, including statements of -
(a) financial position;
(b) financial performance;
(c) cashflows;
(d) commitments;
(e) specific fiscal risks;
(f) accounting policies;
(g) the statements required by section 33,
together with such other statements as are consistent with generally accepted accounting practice.
(2) The annual report made under subsection (1) shall state the information necessary to enable an informed assessment of the operations of the Commission including a comparison of the performance of the Commission with the statement of corporate intent.
(3) The Minister shall, as soon as an annual report is received by him, table a copy in Parliament if Parliament is then in Session and if Parliament is not then in Session, shall table the report at the commencement of the next ensuing Session.

35. Application of Ministry of Finance and Economic Management Act - The Ministry of Finance and Economic Management Act 1995-96 shall apply to the Commission except to the extent that any provisions of that Act are inconsistent with this Act.

36. Office of the Public Expenditure Review Committee and Audit to be auditor - (1) The Office of the Public Expenditure Review Committee shall be the auditor of the Commission, which office will have and may exercise the functions, duties and powers it has under the Public Expenditure Review Committee and Audit Act 1995-96.
(2) Without limiting subsection (1), the board may with the agreement of the Office of Public Expenditure Review Committee and Audit, appoint a person or a firm to conduct audits of the Commission.

37. Disclosure of sensitive information - Nothing in this Act shall be construed as requiring the inclusion in any report required under this Act, any information that could be properly withheld if it would otherwise damage the commercial interests of a broadcaster, publisher, advertiser or internet content provider, or any person who is a member, director or other officer, or an employee thereof, or is information that may be withheld under any Act concerning the disclosure of information.

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PART 7
JUDICIAL REVIEW

38. Judicial review of the Commission's decisions - A person adversely affected by the exercise, refusal to exercise, or proposed or purported exercise by the Commission of a decision-making power under this Act, may within 21 days of such exercise, refusal to exercise, or proposed or purported exercise as the case may be, file in the Court an application for review and the provisions of the Second Schedule to this Act shall thereupon apply.

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PART 8
MISCELLANEOUS

39. Power to require transmissions - During a state of emergency under section 12 of the Hurricane Safety Act 1973, licensees shall make transmission services available at a charge no higher than its usual commercial rates, to persons authorised by the Minister to transmit such weather forecasts and reports and other matters as the Minister considers necessary for public safety.

40. Liability of directors and officers of bodies corporate - If a body corporate is convicted of an offence under this Act or any regulations made under this Act, every director and every officer concerned in the management of the body corporate commits an offence if it is proved that the act or omission that constituted the offence took place with that person's knowledge, authority, permission or consent.

41. Regulations - (1) The Queen's Representative may from time to time by Order in Executive Council promulgate such regulations as may be necessary or expedient for giving effect to the provisions of this Act and for the due administration thereof.
(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), such regulations may prescribe -
(c) remuneration and allowances for persons appointed as chairperson and board members of the Commission;
(d) application fees for person applying for a broadcasting licence;
(e) annual licence fees for radio broadcast licences, television broadcast licences and for re-transmission of radio or of television programmes;
(f) standards for -
(i) radio broadcasting licensees;
(ii) television broadcasting licensees;
(iii) publishers;
(iv) the broadcasting or publication of advertisements;
(v) internet content,
(e) penalties payable pursuant to section 17(10).
(3) All such regulations shall be laid before Parliament forthwith after the date of making thereof if Parliament is then in Session, and if Parliament is not then in Session, shall be laid before Parliament at the commencement of the next ensuing Session.

42. Savings - Notwithstanding the repeal by this Act of the Broadcasting Act 1989 every company that as at the date of the passing of this Act is the holder of a licence issued by the Minister of broadcasting pursuant to the Broadcasting Act 1989 shall, upon the date of the coming into force of this Act and upon payment by it to the Commission of the annual licence fee prescribed by regulations made under this Act, be entitled to have the equivalent type of broadcasting licence issued to it under this Act for the remainder of the term of the licence that it held under the Broadcasting Act 1989; and the licence issued pursuant to this section shall for such term continue in effect as if it been issued by the Commission pursuant to this Act.

43. Act to bind the Crown - This Act shall bind the Crown.

44. Repeal - The Broadcasting Act 1989 is repealed.

This Act is administered by the Media Commission.

RAROTONGA, COOK ISLANDS: Printed under the authority of the Government of the Cook Islands - 2005.

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FIRST SCHEDULE
Provisions having effect in relation to the Commission and its proceedings
[Section 8]

1. Extraordinary vacancies - (1) A board member may resign at any time by written notice to the Minister.
(2) A board member may at any time be removed from office by the Minister for incompetence, disability, bankruptcy, neglect of duty or misconduct proved to the satisfaction of the Minister.
(3) If a board member dies, resigns from office or is removed from office, the vacancy shall be deemed to be an extraordinary vacancy.
(4) In the case of an extraordinary vacancy the Minister shall call for nominations for a new appointee, and the provisions of section 4 of this Act shall apply mutatis mutandis, for the purpose of filling the vacancy from amongst the persons nominated.
(5) A board member appointed to fill an extraordinary vacancy shall hold office only for the unexpired portion of the term of office of that board member's predecessor, but may be re-appointed.
(6) The powers of the board shall not be affected by an extraordinary vacancy in its membership.

2. Meetings - (1) The first meeting of the board shall be held on a day to be appointed by the chairperson, being a date not later than one month after the coming into force of this Act.
(2) Subsequent meetings shall be held at such times and places as the board or the chairperson may from time to time appoint, being in any event not less than once every 3 months.
(3) The chairperson or any three other board members may at any time by notice in writing to the other members present at the time in the Cook Islands, call a special meeting of the board.
(4) Not less than 2 days notice of every meeting shall be given to every board member present at the time in the Cook Islands.
(5) At all meetings a majority of the persons who are for the time being board members shall constitute a quorum.
(6) The chairperson shall preside at all meetings at which the chairperson is present. In the absence of the chairperson from any meeting, the board members present shall appoint one of their number to be chairperson of that meeting.
(7) At any meeting the chairperson shall have a deliberative vote only.
(8) All questions arising at any meeting shall be decided by a majority of the votes of board members recorded thereon.
(9) Subject to the provisions of this Act and of any regulations made hereunder, the board may regulate its procedure in such manner as it thinks fit.

3. Minutes of meetings - (1) The board shall cause minutes to be kept in a book provided for the purpose, of all resolutions and proceedings of its meetings.
(2) A resolution in writing signed or assented to by letter or facsimile by all the board members shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the board duly called and constituted.
(3) A copy of the minutes of every meeting and of every resolution shall be furnished to every board member as soon as practicable following the meeting.

4. Personal liability - No board member or other person acting under the authority of the Commission, shall be personally liable for any act or default done or omitted to be done in that capacity in good faith.

5. Remuneration, allowances, and expenses of members of Commission - (1) There shall be paid to the members of the Commission such remuneration and allowances as may from time to time be prescribed, either generally or in respect of any particular member or members of the Commission, by Order in Executive Council.
(2) Any Order under subclause (1) shall take effect on such date (whether the date thereof or any earlier or later date) as may be specified therein. If no such date is specified, the decision shall take effect on the date thereof.

6. Employees of Commission - (1) Subject to the provisions of this clause, the Commission may from time to time appoint such officers any employees, including acting or temporary or casual officers and employees, as the Commission thinks necessary for the efficient carrying out of its functions, powers, and duties under this Act or any other enactment.
(2) Subject to the Commission's terms and conditions of employment, the Commission may, at any time terminate or suspend the employment of any of the Commission's officers or employees.
(3) The number of officers and employees who may be appointed under subclause (1), whether generally or in respect of any specified duties, shall from time to time be determined by the Minister.
(4) Officers and employees appointed under subclause (1) shall be employed on such terms and conditions on employment and shall be paid such salaries and allowances as the commission, from time to time determines in agreement with the Public Service Commissioner, or as the Minister from time to time determines in any case where the Commission and the Public Service Commissioner fail to agree.
(5) Any determination under subclause (4) of this clause shall take effect on such date (whether the date thereof or any earlier or later date) as may be specified therein. If no date is so specified, the determination shall take effect of the date thereof.

7. Committees and consultants - (1) To assist the Commission in the exercise of its functions, the Commission may, from time to time,
(a) establish committees and appoint board members as members thereof; and
(b) engage such consultants as the Commission thinks fit.
(2) The Commission shall pay persons appointed or engaged under subclause (1) of this clause, for services rendered by them, fees and commissions or either at such rates as the president thinks fit, and may separately reimburse them for expenses actually and reasonably incurred in rendering services for the Commission.

8. Application of certain acts to board members and staff of Commission - No person shall be deemed to be employed in the service of Her Majesty for the purposes of the Public Service Act 1995-96 or the Cook Islands National Superannuation Fund Act 2000 by reason only of that person's appointment as a board member of the Commission, or an officer or employee of the Commission or a person appointed by the Commission under clause 7(1)(b) of this Schedule.

9. Crown may provide services for Commission - The Crown, acting through any Government ministry, department, or other agency may from time to time, at the request of the Commission, execute any work or enter into arrangements for the execution or provision for the Commission, of any work or service, or for the supply to the Commission of any goods, store, or equipment, on and subject to such terms and conditions as may agreed.

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SECOND SCHEDULE
Provisions having effect in relation to a judicial review
[Section 38]

1. Application for review - (1) On an application for review, the Court may by order grant, in relation to the exercise, refusal to exercise, or proposed or purported exercise by the Commission of a decision-making power under this Act, any relief that the applicant would be entitled to in any one or more of the proceedings for a writ or order of or in the nature of mandamus, prohibition or certiorari, or for a declaration or injunction against the Commission in any such proceedings.
(2) Where on an application for review the applicant is entitled to an order declaring that a decision made by the Commission in the exercise of a power of decision under this Act is unauthorised or otherwise invalid, the Court may, instead of making such a declaration, set aside the decision.
(3) Where in any of the proceedings referred to in subsection (1) of this clause the Court had, before the coming into force of this Act, a discretion to refuse to grant relief on any grounds, it shall have the like discretion to refuse to grant relief on any grounds, it shall have the like discretion, on like grounds, to refuse to grant any relief on an application for review made under this Act.
(4) Subsection (3) of this clause shall not apply to the discretion of the Court, before the coming into force of this Act, to refuse to grant relief in any of the said proceedings on the ground that the relief should have been sought in any other of the said proceedings.
(5) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing provisions of this clause, on an application for review in relation to the exercise, refusal to exercise, or purported exercise by the Commission of a power of decision under this Act, the Court may direct the Commission to reconsider and determine, either generally or in respect of any specified matters, the whole or any part of any matter to which the application relates. In giving any such direction the Court shall -
(a) advise the Commission of its reasons for so doing; and
(b) give to the Commission such directions as it thinks just as to the reconsideration or otherwise of the whole or any part of the matter that is referred back for consideration.
(6) In reconsidering any matter referred back to the Commission under subsection (5) of this clause, the Commission shall have regard to the Court's reasons for giving the direction and to the Court's directions.

2. Defects in form, or technical irregularities - on an application for review where the sole ground or relief established is a defect in form or a technical irregularity, if the Court finds that no substantial wrong or miscarriage of justice has occurred, it may refuse relief and, where the decision has already been made, may make an order validating the decision, notwithstanding the defect or irregularity, to have effect form such time and on such terms as the Court thinks fit.

3. Interim orders - on an application for review, the Court may make such interim order as it thinks proper pending the final determination of the application.

4. Sufficiency of application - (1) In an application for review it is sufficient if the applicant sets out in the motion the grounds on which the applicant is seeking relief, and the nature of the relief sought, without specifying the proceedings referred to in subsection (1) of clause 1 of this Schedule in which the claim would have been made before the coming into force of this Act.
(2) In an application for review, the Commission shall be cited as a party to the proceedings.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) of this clause, where the act or omission is that of the Commission and any one or more other persons acting together under a collective title, they shall be cited by their collective title.

5. Court may give directions as to filing of record - on an application for review, the Court may direct that the record of the proceedings in which the decision was made, or any part of the record, be filed in an office of the Court.

6. Appeals - Any party to an application for review who is dissatisfied with any final or interlocutory order in respect of the application may subject to Article 60 of the Constitution, appeal to the Court of Appeal and section 54 of the Judicature Act 1980-81 shall apply to any such appeal.

7. Procedure - Subject to the provisions of this Act, the procedure in respect of any application for review shall be in accordance with the rules for the time being in effect relating to the practice and procedure of the Court.

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